Tutorial: How to Use Arduino Uno as HID | Part 2: Arduino Mouse Emulation

In this tutorial, we will explore the mouse emulation in Arduino Uno. This should be the part 2 in using the Arduino Uno as Human Interface Device.

You may also want to visit the part 1 here:
Tutorial: How to use Arduino Uno as HID | Arduino Keyboard Emulation

Circuit Diagram:

Video Demonstration:

Firmware Links:
Arduino Mouse firmware
Arduino Original firmware

Source Code:

/* Arduino USB Mouse HID demo */
 
/* Author: Darran Hunt
 * Release into the public domain.
 * 
 * Modified: George Bantique
 *           TechToTinker
 */

//#define ORIGINAL_CODE   // to display the original code
#define MODIFIED_CODE   // to display the modified code
//#define SERIAL_DEBUG    // to overwrite the mouse hid character with printable character
 
struct {
    uint8_t buttons;
    int8_t x;
    int8_t y;
    int8_t wheel;   /* Not yet implemented */
} mouseReport;
 
uint8_t nullReport[4] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
 
void setup();
void loop();


#ifdef MODIFIED_CODE

#define ONBOARD_LED 13
#define SR_PIN  A2
#define XR_PIN  A1
#define YR_PIN  A0

int xr_rest, yr_rest;

void setup()
{
    Serial.begin(9600);

    pinMode(ONBOARD_LED, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(SR_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
    pinMode(XR_PIN, INPUT);
    pinMode(YR_PIN, INPUT);

    mouseReport.buttons = 0;
    mouseReport.x = 0;
    mouseReport.y = 0;
    mouseReport.wheel = 0;

    // save the rest value
    xr_rest = analogRead(XR_PIN);
    yr_rest = analogRead(YR_PIN);
}

void loop()
{
    uint8_t s_temp;
    int x_temp, y_temp, ind;

    if (digitalRead(SR_PIN)) {
      s_temp = 0;
    } else {
      s_temp = 1;
    }

    int xr_val = analogRead(XR_PIN);
    int yr_val = analogRead(YR_PIN);

    if (xr_val == xr_rest) {
      // joystick is not move
      x_temp = 0;
    } else if (xr_val < xr_rest) {
      // joystick to the left
      x_temp = - map(xr_val, 0, xr_rest, 10, 0);
    } else {
      // joystick to the right
      x_temp = map(xr_val, xr_rest, 1023, 0, 10);
    }

    if (yr_val == yr_rest) {
      // joystick is not move
      y_temp = 0;
    } else if (yr_val < yr_rest) {
      // joystick to the left
      y_temp = - map(yr_val, 0,yr_rest, 10, 0);
    } else {
      // joystick to the right
      y_temp = map(yr_val, yr_rest,1023, 0, 10);
    }

#ifdef SERIAL_DEBUG
    Serial.print("X: ");
    Serial.println(x_temp);
    Serial.print("Y: ");
    Serial.println(y_temp);    
#endif // SERIAL_DEBUG

    mouseReport.buttons = s_temp;
    mouseReport.x = x_temp;
    mouseReport.y = y_temp;
    mouseReport.wheel = 0;
    
    for (int ind = 0; ind < 20; ind++) {
      Serial.write((uint8_t *)&mouseReport, 4);
      Serial.write((uint8_t *)&nullReport, 4);
    }
    
}
#endif // MODIFIED_CODE




#ifdef ORIGINAL_CODE
void setup()
{
    Serial.begin(9600);
    delay(200);
}
 
/* Move the mouse in a clockwise square every 5 seconds */
void loop()
{
    int ind;
    delay(1000);
 
    mouseReport.buttons = 0;
    mouseReport.x = 0;
    mouseReport.y = 0;
    mouseReport.wheel = 0;

    // Going left
    mouseReport.x = -2;
    for (ind = 0; ind < 20; ind++) {
    Serial.write((uint8_t *) &mouseReport, 4);
    Serial.write((uint8_t *) &nullReport, 4);
    }

    // Going up
    mouseReport.x = 0;
    mouseReport.y = -2;
    for (ind = 0; ind < 20; ind++) {
    Serial.write((uint8_t *)&mouseReport, 4);
    Serial.write((uint8_t *)&nullReport, 4);
    }

    // Going right
    mouseReport.x = 2;
    mouseReport.y = 0;
    for (ind = 0; ind < 20; ind++) {
    Serial.write((uint8_t *)&mouseReport, 4);
    Serial.write((uint8_t *)&nullReport, 4);
    }

    // Going down
    mouseReport.x = 0;
    mouseReport.y = 2;
    for (ind = 0; ind < 20; ind++) {
    Serial.write((uint8_t *)&mouseReport, 4);
    Serial.write((uint8_t *)&nullReport, 4);
    }
}
#endif // ORIGINAL_CODE

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