Arduino Basics: Variables

Variables are used to store data in your Arduino programs. They hold values that can be numbers, characters, or true/false states, and can be used throughout your sketch.

Common Variable Types

• int: Stores whole numbers (e.g., 0, 42, -10).

• float: Stores decimal numbers (e.g., 3.14, -0.5).

• char: Stores a single character (e.g., 'A', 'z').

• boolean: Stores true or false values (true or false).

Declaring and Updating Variables

• Declare a variable by specifying its type and name:

  int ledPin = 13;
  float temperature = 25.5;
  char grade = 'A';
  boolean isOn = true;

• Update a variable by assigning a new value:

  ledPin = 12;
  temperature = 30.2;
  isOn = false;

• Variables can be used in calculations, conditions, and to control hardware pins.